Vitamin D For Mother With Gestational Diabetes

Vitamin D is one of those about which you ought to be mindful particularly in a particular period, which is a pregnancy. During your pregnancy, your body needs adequate amounts of Vitamin D in order for bone growth and normal nerve functioning because of its role in calcium absorption and helping the body to use calcium efficiently. Researchers have learned that Vitamin D also has effects on blood sugar control. This means that levels of Vitamin D are especially important for pregnant women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, a condition of high blood sugar during pregnancy.

What is vitamin D ?

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that functions as a hormone that controls calcium levels in the blood. Vitamin D is the aggregate name, which has a few mixes: vitamin D1, D2 and D3. It is needed for healthy bones and muscles and for general health.

Sources of vitamin D

As one of vitamin D sources can be delivered by the human body affected by sunlight (this is around 90% of vitamins). Caution! too much exposure to UVB rays can increase your risk of skin cancer so discuss sun exposure with your doctor.

After being produced with the help of sunlight, Vitamin D is metabolized or transformed in the liver to a form called 25-(OH) D which can then be found circulating in our bloodstream. This is further modified by the kidneys to its active form 1, 25-(OH) D, which is responsible for Vitamin D’s effects on calcium and bone.

Vitamin D rich foods are come from fish oil, greasy fish (salmon, eel, fish, herring, mackerel, sardines). Eggs may be a good source of vitamin D if the chickens were fed a diet rich in Vitamin D. Green leafy vegetables like spinach and collard greens are good sources. Fortified foods also provide a significant amount of dietary Vitamin D.

Vitamin D and gestational diabetes

Vitamin D deficiency can lead to rickets (a condition where your baby’s bones are too soft and weak). During pregnancy, a woman’s Vitamin D levels normally increase and reach its highest levels during her third trimester.

A recent article in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology studied the relationship between the mother’s Vitamin D levels and gestational diabetes. Researchers observed 40 pregnant women without gestational diabetes and 20 women with gestational diabetes and compared levels of the active form of Vitamin D in their blood. They also looked at differences in production of CYP24A1 (an enzyme that inactivates Vitamin D) in the placenta.

Pregnant women with gestational diabetes were found to have lower Vitamin D levels in general and were more likely to have a Vitamin D deficiency (defined as <20 mg/dL of blood) compared to pregnant women without gestational diabetes. Additionally, researchers found that production of CYP24A1 was increased in the placenta of women with gestational diabetes.

As indicated by the study, improvement of the eating methodology this vitamin helps a lessening in the occurrence of disease in pregnant ladies, decreases significantly the danger of preterm conception, might likewise have affected his procedure since is in charge of the productivity of muscles and bones, its proper level makes it easier to release the child to the world (Similarly, inadequacy reasons debilitating of muscle quality, what may be the reason for the pubic symphysis proliferation, and even its cracks in childbirth).

A profitable point of interest of this vitamin is likewise, that directs the methodology of insulin discharge, what stabilizes the sugar level in the body-ladies with serious vitamin inadequacies amid pregnancy are at danger of the event of the purported gestational diabetes.

At the point when the sugar level broken

In perspective of the way that both abundance and inadequacy of vitamins can follow up on the body adversely, ladies expecting a baby all alone ought not take dietary supplements. The specialist heading pregnancy ought to control the level of vitamin D in the blood without bounds we have and if essential request tolerating extra arrangements.

When so even sound lady ought to counsel with a specialist, these sorts of choices, the proposal is to highlight where I have, battling with gestational diabetes (as we know, vitamin D manages the procedure of insulin discharge, which settles the sugar level in the body).

We call gestational diabetes carbohydrate intolerance (showed by raised blood glucose, IE. hiperglikemią brought about by an inadequacy of insulin), which shows up surprisingly or is diagnosed amid pregnancy and generally goes away after childbirth.

On account of identification of diabetes, pregnant ought to lead the efficient control of blood glucose (through gleukometru), the level of ketones and glucose in the pee, and apply an exceptional eating methodology that should give a progressive weight pick up.

What to underscore, it contrasts fundamentally from the eating methodology utilized as a part of the treatment of different sorts of diabetes. On the off chance that essential, it is important to implement the insulin treatment.

Adipose Tissue Meaning

Adipose is a loose connective tissue that fills up space between organs and tissues in the body which is composed of living cells capable of storing fats. Adipose tissue is often referred to as fat (triglycerides deposition). Adipose tissue is an anatomical term for loose connective tissue composed of adipocytes.

Adipose tissue is basically the fat we carry in our bodies. It is located in various strategic places throughout the body are around the heart, around the kidneys, under the skin, long bone marrow, around the joints, inside the eye-socket and buttocks.

The thick layer of adipose tissue which lies under the skin helps keep us warm. It acts as an insulator by reducing the amount of heat lost through our skin. The cells in both types of fat are called adipocytes although they differ in origin, structure, and function in the two types of tissue. The cells in adipose tissue (adipocytes) are distended by droplets of fat.

Function of adipose tissue are helps to cushion and insulate the body, to store excess energy, as a cushion or packing which protects internal organs, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels and as a reserve of nutrients. However, having too much adipose tissue within the body presents obesity and the possibility of developing many other health issues.

There are two kinds of adipose tissue: white and brown. The distribution of both these kinds is not uniform, but white adipose tissue is the most common and is the fat that so many of us complain of acquiring. Brown adipose tissue is present in small mammals (e.g., mice) and in newborn humans. Most of it disappears in adult humans.

The main role, or function, of white adipose tissue is to collect, store and then release lipids. About 80% of average white adipose tissue is lipid, and of that about 90% is made up of the six triglycerides: palmitoleic, stearic, palmitic, oleic, linoleic and myristic acid.

Snacks For Gestational Diabetes Diet Are High Protein And Low Carbs

Snacks for gestational diabetes diet are a very necessary for a couple reasons. The most important thing pregnant women with gestational diabetes can do is focus on high protein, low carbohydrate food, especially snacks. Most things snacks are high in protein tend to be low in carbohydrate.

Pregnant women who have gestational diabetes, choosing the right food or snacks is especially important. Low carbohydrate and high protein snacks can raise energy without raising blood sugar level.

Balancing that high protein with low carbs may help pregnant women with diabetes to keep blood sugar in check. Snacks are low carbs and high protein also reducing calorie intake, improving satiety and aid weight management.

A consistent number of carbs is the key to some successful and healthy gestational diabetes diet. A healthy gestational diabetes diet will giving pregnant women more energy and boosting her mood.


Pregnant women need a lot of protein to help grow their babies. Finding high protein low carb snacks is not that difficult. Snacks are high in protein tend to be low in carbs such as dairy, cheese, meats and nuts. Pair peanut butter with celery sticks for protein, fiber and almost zero carbs.

Other snacks are low carbs and high protein are such as eggs, dips and spreads,yogurt, cashews, almonds, chips, crackers, peanut butter and nuts. Most protein foods do not raise your blood glucose because they have little or no carbohydrates. Choose unsaturated fats instead of saturated or trans fats.

It is easy to reach for carbs and comfort food while you’re pregnant, but a gestational diabetes diet that focuses on high protein, low carb foods is going to be the best for both mother and the baby.

Jaundice in Newborns

tipstipskehamilan. Jaundice is a condition that causes the skin, sclerae (the whites of the eyes) and mucus membranes to become yellow that is caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood. Jaundice is not a disease but rather a symptom that can occur in many different diseases. Jaundice is a disorder that results from high levels of bilirubin in the blood. The condition itself is not a fatal condition, however, if the bilirubin gets to dangerous levels it can be a sign of extensive liver damage, which can be life-threatening.

Everyone has bilirubin in their blood, which is created when red blood cells break down. The hemoglobin in the red blood cells changes into bilirubin is called unconjugated bilirubin. One of the liver's functions is to filter out waste, such as bilirubin, from the blood.

Once it is in the liver, other chemicals latch on to the bilirubin, creating a substance called conjugated bilirubin (water soluble bilirubin), which is secreted in bile (a digestive juice released by the liver) and then excreted through the urine, stools and sweat. Bilirubin is what gives the stools its brown color.

Babies are born with an excess of red blood cells and often times their livers aren't developed enough to filter out the bilirubin. When the babies bloodstream may have a high bilirubin level, it is causes the yellowish staining of the skin and sclerae (the whites of the eyes).

The color of the skin and sclerae vary depending on the level of bilirubin. When the bilirubin level is mildly elevated, they are yellowish. When the bilirubin level is high, they tend to be brown.

Jaundice usually appears on the 3rd day and disappears by 7th day. It is not dangerous as long as the bilirubin level does not go up too high. Early feeding after birth may reduce the prevalence of jaundice therefore try putting baby to the breast in the delivery room. This also stimulates the breast to start producing milk.

For breastfed babies at least eight to ten daily feedings is suggested. It is important that all pregnant women go for prenatal checkups in order to identify the possibility of this problem occurring, so that preventive treatment for jaundice can be started fairly quickly after birth.

What is Hyperglycemia ?

tipstipskehamilan. Hyperglycemia is a condition where a person's blood contains a glucose level which is higher. Hyperglycemia can be a serious problem if you don't treat it. Hyperglycemia is a major cause of many of the complications that happen to people who have diabetes.

Hyperglycemia is the technical term for high blood glucose (blood sugar). When a person ingest carbohydrates such as sugar and starches, it triggers the release of the hormone insulin from the pancreas. Insulin facilitates the body to turn sugars into energy. High blood glucose occurs when the body has too little, or not enough, insulin or when the body can't use insulin properly.

Glucose levels above 126 mg/dl or 7 mmol/l is generally held to have hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia may occur to persons with undiagnosed diabetes. This can also happen if the person with diabetes failed to comply with his or her treatment well. Hyperglycemia can produce different symptoms.

When a person's blood sugar levels rises too high, sugar spills into the urine. The kidneys must excrete additional water to dilute the sugar. The urinate large volume (polyuria). When a person loss water due to frequent urination, he or she create abnormal thirst (polydipsia).

Other symptoms include: hunger pangs, thirst, urination (quite frequent), drying of the mouth, poor wound healing, headaches, blurred vision, feeling tired, difficulty concentrating, drowsiness and decreased endurance during exercise.

In order to prevent hyperglycemia, we have to watch their diet and lifestyle. It is also essential to check the blood glucose level regularly with keeping a record of measurements of blood glucose levels taken at different times of the day.

If the symptoms of hyperglycemia manifested it is highly encouraged to consult a doctor immediately to gain an precise diagnosis of the condition, to determine the right treatment and also to prevent the complications from progressing.

Persons with hyperglycemia must work to promote their health. They must consume nutritious foods with a calorie plan that limits the amount of calories that a person must consume. This is to make certain that the person is not consuming amounts of glucose which are more than what the insulin could utilize.

Persons with hyperglycemia has the to responsibility to comply with the treatment and follow the orders of his or her attending physician. With the doctor, they can then decide a treatment plan that will keep them blood sugar levels within a safe range.

Can Gestational Diabetes Be Prevented ?

tipstipskehamilan. Gestational diabetes can ‘be prevented’ as long as women are understood the risk factors for gestational diabetes and understood about many things that can contribute to an increased risk of developing the condition. Some of those things include being overweight or obese, being over age 30, having a family history or diabetes, previously giving birth to a large baby, had gestational diabetes with a past pregnancy or lifestyle factors include not engaging in regular physical activity, being overweight or obese caused by not healthy eating and smoking.

Diabetes is a condition where there is too much glucose (sugar) in the blood. Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that is a temporary condition that occurs during pregnancy. Gestational diabetes usually arises during the second or third trimester (after 28 weeks) and goes away after the baby is born.

Gestational diabetes is a serious condition and can lead to birth complications if not identified and managed carefully. Women with gestational diabetes have an increased risk of high blood pressure and preeclampsia during pregnancy and an exceptionally high risk of type 2 diabetes after pregnancy.

According to the Nurses’ Health Study II between 1989 and 2001, women with a body mass index (BMI) above 33 were over four times more likely to develop gestational diabetes than women who had a normal BMI before pregnancy.

Women who had a combination of three low risk factors (not smoking, engaging in regular physical activity and healthy eating) were 41% less likely to develop gestational diabetes compared with other pregnant women.

It reported that women who did not meet any of the low risk lifestyle factors, those meeting all four criteria, they are a healthy weight, consuming a healthy eating, regular physical activity and not smoking, had a remarkable 83% lower risk of developing gestational diabetes.

According to a US study published on thebmj.com, a healthy lifestyle could prevent nearly half of all cases of diabetes during pregnancy. It found that young women who eat well, exercise regularly and not smoking before and during pregnancy have a lower risk of developing gestational diabetes.

Glucose Intolerance : Definition and Risk Factors

tipstipskehamilan. Glucose intolerance represents a metabolic conditions which result in higher than normal blood glucose levels known as hyperglycemia. Glucose intolerance also means conditions where the body is not processing glucose as it should leading to elevated glucose levels in the blood. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, gestational diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose are several categories of glucose intolerance.

Glucose intolerance occurs when the body isn't able to process sugar well. Chronic high levels of blood sugar or glucose trigger the pancreas releases more insulin, leading to higher insulin levels (hyperinsulinemia).

When the immune system sends antibodies to destroy the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, the body cannot produce insulin which leads to a very high level of blood sugar and associated complications and type 1 diabetes develops.

When the body fails to properly use insulin or the body's cells don't respond normally to the insulin the body produces, it is means insulin resistance occurs . When this happens, insulin can’t to move the sugar into the cells of the body, sugar builds up in the blood and rises and type 2 diabetes develops.

When the placenta produces hormones to takes over the support and growth of the foetus (baby in the womb) during pregnancy, the high levels of hormones impede with the body's natural response to insulin and insulin resistance occurs.

If this happens, insulin can’t to move the sugar into the cells of the body. When glucose can not leave the blood and be changed to energy, glucose builds up in the blood to high levels and causes gestational diabetes.

Gestational diabetes may reverse on its own after pregnancy, but type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus are usually permanent. But when a woman had gestational diabetes in a previous pregnancy, she have a 60 percent chance of developing it again in the next pregnancy and puts the woman at a higher risk of developing Type 2 diabetes later in life.

When blood glucose is raised beyond the normal range, it might causes impaired glucose tolerance. But it is not so high that a person have impaired glucose tolerance have diabetes. However, impaired glucose tolerance can increase the risk of developing diabetes and the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (heart disease, peripheral vascular disease and stroke).

When a person has elevated blood sugar (blood glucose) in the morning before eating or drinking, it might causes fasting blood sugar levels are not normal and causes impaired fasting glucose. But it is not high enough to be classified as diabetes.

The Risks Of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus For Both Mothers And Babies

tipstipskehamilan. The risks of gestational diabetes is a pregnancy complication that has long-term adverse health implications for both mothers and babies. The risks to the mother are gestational diabetes increases mother risk of preeclampsia and women who had gestational diabetes may develop type 2 diabetes later in life. The risks of gestational diabetes to the baby are excessive birth weight (macrosomia), low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), being obese in the future, type 2 diabetes later in life and respiratory distress syndrome.

Most women who have gestational diabetes deliver healthy babies. However, gestational diabetes ,even though it is a temporary one, if left untreated and not carefully managed can lead to uncontrolled blood sugar levels and cause serious health problems for both mothers and babies.

Some risks of gestational diabetes affect the unborn baby more than the mother. High blood sugar levels, and the excess glucose crosses the placenta directly to the baby can leads to high blood sugar levels in the baby. It is triggers baby's pancreas to produce enough insulin to handle the onslaught of sugar.

Untreated gestational diabetes can result complications that may affect to the baby. The Risks to the baby from high blood sugar levels and increased insulin production are:

Excessive Birth Weight (Macrosomia)

Extra glucose in mother bloodstream crosses the placenta, which triggers baby's pancreas to make extra insulin. This can cause the baby to grow too large. Very large babies (those that weigh 9 pounds or more) are more likely to become wedged in the birth canal, sustain birth injuries or require a C-section birth.

Low Blood Sugar (Hypoglycemia)

Sometimes babies of mothers with gestational diabetes has excess insulin after birth because their insulin production is high in his system. It can lead to low blood sugar, which can trigger seizures if severe.

Obesity and Diabetes

Another risks that is closely associated with babies born from mothers who suffered from gestational diabetesis the presence of jaundice. It is caused by the liver not being fully formed during birth and not performing as it should. While the condition isn't life threatening to your baby, it should be closely watched by a medical professional.

Excess insulin in babies of mothers who have gestational diabetes can increase a risk of developing obesity and type 2 diabetes later in life

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Gestational diabetes can increase a baby's risk of developing breathing troubles after birth, even if they're not born early. Babies with respiratory distress syndrome may need help breathing until their lungs mature and become stronger.

Untreated gestational diabetes may also affect to pregnant mother including after birth. The Risks of gestational diabetes to the mother are:

Preeclampsia

During pregnancy gestational diabetes increases mother risk of preeclampsia, is a condition during pregnancy when there is a sudden, sharp rise in blood pressure, swelling and excess protein albumin leaks into the urine that can be life threatening to both mother and baby.

Future Type 2 Diabetes

Women who have gestational diabetes more likely to get it again during a future pregnancy. The women is also more likely to develop type 2 diabetes as she get older. However, making lifestyle choices such as eating healthy foods, drinking water, doing something active and exercising can help reduce the risks of type 2 diabetes later in life.

Foods To Eat With Gestational Diabetes

tipstipskehamilan. Foods to eat with gestational diabetes should not simply to avoid carbohydrates. Altough carbohydrates are the main source of glucose, they are also body's primary source of energy for pregnant women and baby. But don’t over consumption of foods rich in carbohydrate concentration to regulate blood sugar level. Fatty and sugary foods should be kept at a minimum because they are the biggest causes of rising blood sugar as well as weight gain. Consuming just the right amounts of nutrients and vitamins it is also an important to ensure a healthy baby in spite of the pregnant mother with gestational diabetes conditions.

Although blood glucose level usually returns after the birth of child, It is can be very alarming and scary for a pregnant woman if she was told he has gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes, if not controlled properly may causes the problems for mother and the baby.

Women who suffered from Gestational diabetes are risk prone of affecting type 2 diabetes later in life and risk prone of preeclampsia. And without treatment, gestational diabetes also can let the baby produce excessive insulin, gain much weight and strengthen the risk of premature delivery.

They are the reasons why it is essential that it be managed through healthy eating with foods choices to eat with gestational diabetes. A dietician is an expert in food and nutrition and can help mother create meals that are not only to your liking but will also provide mother and the baby enough vitamins and nutrients while keeping pregnant mother condition under control.

A healthy breakfast or snacks for women with gestational diabetes can eat low consumption of carbohydrate or limit fat intake to 30 percent or less of daily calories. It is might begin with whole grain toast with sugar-free jelly, a teaspoon of butter or margarine, one egg and a side of fresh fruit.

At lunch could include a leafy green salad with a variety of vegetables, topped with a vinegar and oil dressing or a light variety with low sugar, soups with incorporate a host of vegetables and a substantial source of protein like lean meats like turkey or chicken are also great salad toppers.

Fit In Pregnant Women GDM Meal Plan With Gestational Diabetes Recipes

tipstipskehamilan. Gestational Diabetes Recipes are an important part of pregnant women treatment plan to caring for pregnant women health and also the health of her unborn child. To find good gestational diabetes recipes that are appropriate and yummy it does not have to be hard. With just a few changes to the recipes that can found in internet, pregnant women can make them more healthy and nutritious so they fit in her gestational diabetes meal plan.

Gestational diabetes is usually a result of hormones are produced during pregnancy and type 2 diabetes is similar, maintaining a healthy diet, the sugar, low sodium, low and high in protein and vitamins is very important.


Once pregnant women have been diagnosed with gestational diabetes, the physician will be able to recommend either a dietician to help and give some sort of a guideline to follow about healthy eating and diabetic cooking.


In pregnancies affected by gestational diabetes, carbohydrates play a very important role. When the body breaks them down, carbohydrates turns into sugar. It would be best interest for pregnant women to follow a low carbohydrate diet and watch her carbohydrate consumption.


There are cookbooks that are available on the market today or on the internet with low carbohydrate recipes for the gestational diabetic. Women with gestational diabetes can still eat carbohydrates, she don't have to eliminate them completely, just limit her total grams at meal time.


Some recipes for women with gestational diabetes are add green or yellow vegetables as a side and decrease the main dish portion size, adding the colorful vegetables improves the nutritional value of the meal by adding vitamins and minerals.


Other recipe is flavor the meals with spices instead of salt. It is caused pregnancy tends to cause swelling anyway, and salt can contribute to water retention. Try some of the seasoning blends made for the ethnic type of food to give it more flavors without the extra salt.


For a really great way to add fiber and lower the fat in meal, take a favorite casserole recipe and change a few things. Start with replacing some of the meat with a bean. Women with gestational diabetes can use either black beans for meat or white kidney beans for chicken. The women can also trade out the regular pasta or rice for a whole grain product.

Pregnancy Glucose Tolerance Tests for Pregnant Women Might Be at a Higher Risk of Developing GDM

tipstipskehamilan. The glucose tolerance test is a test to screen for gestational diabetes which is a complication of pregnancy that caused by a high blood sugar condition that starts or is diagnosed during pregnancy. This tests are performed between 26 and 28 weeks of pregnancy. So If midwife or GP recognises that pregnant women might be at a higher risk of developing gestational diabetes, the pregnant women will be offered a Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT).

Glucose, or commonly called blood sugar, is an important energy source that is produced by the process of digestion of food that is needed by all the cells and organs of our bodies. It is also produced by the body during pregnancy and to be delivered by the placenta to the baby. It is the only source of nourishment of the baby during that period.

The placenta also makes sure that they produce hormones that can help in the development of the baby. However, these hormones become a burden to actually make use of insulin. The placenta tends to elevate its production of anti-insulin hormones about halfway through pregnancy.

An event, they termed as insulin resistance, can occur in which anti-insulin hormones tend to interrupt the motion of glucose from the bloodstream towards in body cells when they are made in excess amounts. This will in turn result the body to not produce ample insulin. Thus, this can bring about diabetes because of too much glucose build up.

If the levels of glucose are high, the woman may be at risk for gestational diabetes and it can affect both the women and baby's health. Routine testing with the glucose challenge test and possibly the glucose tolerance test will be done.

Routine testing with the glucose challenge test and the glucose tolerance test are performed between 26 and 28 weeks of pregnancy. These tests help determine whether pregnant women body is processing the sugars her consume properly.

For glucose challenge test pregnant women will be given a syrupy sweet drink. An hour after drinking the solution, her blood will be drawn as this will be when peak blood glucose levels will be reached. If the levels of glucose are high, most likely the next step will be to take the glucose tolerance test.

For the glucose tolerance test, the pregnant woman will be asked to consume at least 150 milligrams of carbohydrates or glucose for a few days prior to testing. The women will be asked to fast for 14 hours before the test. The health care provider will then draw the blood to measure glucose levels at the start of the test and at time intervals following the initial test.

If blood sugar is found to be higher then 128 mg/dl after fasting, or higher than 200 mg/dl on any occasion, and if these results are confirmed on a subsequent day, pregnant women will be diagnosed with gestational diabetes and she will not be tested again. So testing for gestational diabetes early on in pregnancy is important for both mother and baby.

Pathophysiology Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

tipstipskehamilan. Pathophysiology gestational diabetes mellitus is the study of the physiological changes during pregnancy result in impaired glucose tolerance which develop gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The physiological changes during pregnancy are caused by changes in insulin level or insulin resistance as a decrease in its blood level that cause hyperglycemia and finally gestational diabetes mellitus.

Pathophysiology is the study of alteration seen in natural mechanical, bodily, and biochemical functions that are maybe caused by a disease or as a result of an irregular syndrome. The pathophysiology of a given disease or syndrome describes its causes, symptoms and effects.

In the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus we learn to understand the physiological changes mainly the endocrine changes during pregnancy in the feto-placental unit, which might explain the development of insulin resistance and GDM. In the pathophysiology of GDM we can also learn to understand role of the adipose tissue in gestational diabetes mellitus.

The placenta supplies a growing fetus with nutrients and water. It also produces a variety of hormones to maintain the pregnancy. A result of the normal secretion of several placental hormones, including placental growth hormone, placental lactogen, progesterone, and corticotropin-releasing hormone, which stimulates the production of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in the pituitary gland and cortisol in the adrenal glands impede with the body's natural response to insulin, which results in a condition referred to as "insulin resistance".

As pregnancy progresses and the placenta grow larger, hormone production also increases and so does the level of insulin resistance. This process usually starts between 20 and 24 weeks of pregnancy.

In some cases, insulin resistance is increased by excessive weight gain during pregnancy. If insulin secretion does not increase sufficiently to counter the insulin resistance imposed by these changes, gestational diabetes occurs.

Preventing Gestational Diabetes for Pregnant Women Who Have a High Risk of Developing GDM

tipstipskehamilan. Preventing gestational diabetes can be done if pregnant women have a high risk of developing gestational diabetes. The best way to reduce the risk it is careful control of body weight before pregnancy, control blood glucose levels by maintaining a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet and doing regular physical activity. Here are some action steps to preventing gestational diabetes.

Many know about the difference between type 1 diabetes, which is an autoimmune disorder, and type 2 diabetes, which is closely tied to lifestyle and eating habits. But some may not be aware that there's a third type of diabetes as known as gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes is a third type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy.

Gestational diabetes is a disorder that affects about two to seven percent of pregnant women. It is can cause significant problems during pregnancy and labor for mom and baby if not well managed. Here are some of the most effective ways to preventing or reduce gestational diabetes that develops during pregnancy.

Make A Pregnancy Plan

Together with your doctor to make a pregnancy plan to help you prepare yourself physically, mentally, and emotionally. You can ask your doctor about your blood sugar level to see if it is on target. Have your blood sugar tested as early as three months before you get pregnant to see if it is in a normal range.

Screening Early In Pregnancy

After find out women is pregnant, glucose testing should be done as soon as possible to screen for GDM and should be repeated by the standard screening time. Screening early in pregnancy should be carried out between 24 and 28 weeks' gestation so all pregnant women can receive appropriate written information concerning GDM and be given an opportunity to discuss tests with their midwife or doctor.

Nutritional Counseling

All women with GDM should receive nutritional counseling from a registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN) such at the ones at the PCOS Nutrition Center. An RDN will help keep blood sugar on target and supply pregnant women and her baby with sufficient nutrition.

Exercise Regularly

Exercise or engaging in consistent moderate-intensity physical activity may improve insulin resistance by lowering blood sugar levels. It also burns calories and offsets excessive weight gain, which can directly effect the onset of gestational diabetes.

Pregnant Women Who May Have Gestational Diabetes Symptoms

tipstipskehamilan. Pregnant women may have gestational diabetes symptoms. Gestational diabetes is a temporary condition in which pregnant women have higher blood glucose levels than average. Medical science does not know the exact why this occurs, but many think it is linked to the stress of pregnancy. Most pregnant women not have symptoms suffering from gestational diabetes and they only find out once they get tested.

Gestational diabetes is believed to be a result of increased production of hormones by placenta as the pregnancy progresses, where in some cases these hormones decrease insulin effectiveness leading to glucose intolerance, increased blood glucose and gestational diabetes.

It is not easy to look for symptoms because there are very few symptoms associated with the disease and the few that do tend to show up can be confused with other ailments that may show up during the time of pregnancy.

As weight gain, uncontrollable appetite, increased thirst, more frequent urination and increase in vaginal infections, such as yeast infections is naturally show up during the time of pregnancy. But we will never find out it is gestational diabetes symptoms or just normal pregnancy side effects before they get tested.

Some other symptoms include increased fatigue, nausea and vomiting as well as blurred vision. But once again, the majority of women suffer no overt symptoms of gestational diabetes which in most every case, has no symptoms at all, or merely a slight magnification of symptoms that already exist during pregnancy, such as nausea which is common with morning sickness, or fatigue, which any pregnant woman will tell you is common.

Most women should visit a doctor to be tested for gestational diabetes after about 24 weeks of being pregnant. For pregnant women who suspect they may have gestational diabetes symptoms please go to seek the advice of a doctor and get the proper check ups needed to test for gestational diabetes.

The woman herself can help the body to regulate the level of blood glucose and prevent gestational diabetes and its complications by applying first line treatment measures, which are healthy balanced diet and moderate exercise as swimming or walking.

Here Are Some Causes Gestational Diabetes

tipstipskehamilan. What causes gestational diabetes ? Gestational diabetes generally occurs in women who do not have diabetes, but during their pregnancy, they have high blood sugar. This kind of diabetes is different from that of a pregnant woman who was previously diabetic before getting pregnant. Gestational diabetes is one of the most common health problems of pregnancy and approximately 10% of pregnant women have gestational diabetes. Here some causes gestational diabetes.

During pregnancy pregnant woman's body needs additional insulin that is secreted by the pancreas. When the pancreas fails to meet the increased demand, blood glucose levels rise too high, resulting in the onset of this disease.

Gestational diabetes usually develops during the last half of pregnancy or after the first trimester (three months) of pregnancy without knowing exactly symptoms suffering from gestational diabetes before they get tested. In diabetes during pregnancy the actual problem lies not with the pancreas but with the placenta.

After the first trimester (three months) of pregnancy the functions of the placenta is takes over the support and growth of the foetus (baby in the womb). The placenta produces hormones (that help in baby development) that impede with the body's natural response to insulin, which results in a condition referred to as "insulin resistance".

When pregnant woman's body is not able to make and use all the insulin it needs for pregnancy, glucose builds up in the blood to high levels that is called hyperglycemia. It is caused by glucose that can not leave the blood and be changed to energy because not enough insulin.

Immediate care must be taken to prevent gestational diabetes harmful to both the mother and the baby. Treatment always includes a specific diet plan, close blood sugar monitoring, and possibly even daily insulin injections.

If medication is not quite right or if the diet plan is not being followed correctly, there is a risk of hypoglycemia. The opposite of hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia occurs when there is not enough glucose in the blood.

Generally, gestational diabetes disappears post birth of a child. But once you have had it, you have a greater chance it will surface again in future pregnancies.

Different Types of Diabetes

tipstipskehamilan. Diabetes have different types. There are four main types of diabetes. They are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes and other types of diabetes. But there is also a stage before diabetes called pre-diabetes. Here is a description of the different types of diabetes.

A large number of millions of people who have diabetes is unaware of the fact that they suffer from the disease. There are somebody you love has been diagnosed with diabetes? If it is true learn as much as possible about the condition is a natural so that you can render some assistance in the treatment process.

Type 1 Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes was also formerly called insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), or juvenile onset diabetes mellitus. This is an Autoimmune disease where the pancreas produces very little insulin or no insulin at all. This disease usually occurs in children but can appear at any age.

To live normal life patient has to take insulin and take regular exercise and has proper diet plan. Some scientists believe that Type 1 diabetes is a genetic condition where the cells of the Pancreas are attacked and then stop functioning.

Others feel the disease may be caused by environmental factors like virus, diet or chemicals in people genetically predisposed that prompt the immune system to begin attacking the pancreas.

Because the pancreas cells that produce Insulin are destroyed, people who develop type 1 diabetes will have the disease for life and will need treatment in the form of insulin shots or an insulin pump.
In addition to insulin therapy, exercise and careful attention to diet is necessary to prevent fluctuations of blood sugar.

Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes was also previously referred to as non-insulin
dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), or adult onset diabetes mellitus (AODM). Type 2 Diabetes is a condition in which the body fails to properly use insulin, this sort of diabetes is sometimes called insulin resistance and it can be combined with an insulin deficiency in the individual it affects.

About 90 percent of all cases of diabetes are Type 2 diabetes. This disease is normally found in people who are overweight as they get older. Although it is sometimes called adult onset diabetes, in some country, such as the United States, more children and young adults are being diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes because they are not getting enough activity.

Type 2 diabetes is sometimes considered a lifestyle disease because it is normally triggered by living a fairly sedentary life, being overweight and not participating in exercise.

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) occurs in pregnant women. This type of diabetes is a temporary form of insulin resistance that usually occurs when they are in the second trimester of pregnancy. It results from excessive hormone production in the body, or the inability of the pancreas make the additional insulin that is needed during pregnancy in women with no previous history of diabetes.

About 4 percent of all pregnant women will develop gestational diabetes. Unlike Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes will disappear after the baby is born. Untreated gestational diabetes can lead to problems for both the mother and the child. Although insulin does not cross through the placenta to the baby, sugar and other nutrients do.

When a woman had gestational diabetes in a previous pregnancy, she have a 60 percent chance of developing it again in the next pregnancy and puts the woman at a higher risk of developing Type 2 diabetes later in life. The older a woman is when she is pregnant, the higher the risk of developing gestational diabetes during pregnancy.

Other Types of Diabetes

- Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA)
A person may exhibit characteristics of more than one type. For example, in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA), also called type 1.5 diabetes or double diabetes, people show signs of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Some experts believe that LADA is a slowly developing kind of type 1 diabetes because patients have antibodies against the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. People who have LADA show signs of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Researchers estimate that as many as 10 percent of people diagnosed with type 2 diabetes have LADA.

- Diabetes Caused by Genetic Defects of the Beta Cell
Other types of diabetes include those caused by genetic defects of the beta cell—the part of the pancreas that makes insulin—such as maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) or neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM), excess amounts of certain hormones resulting from some medical conditions—such as cortisol in Cushing’s syndrome—that work against the action of insulin, diseases of the pancreas or conditions that damage the pancreas, such as pancreatitis and cystic fibrosis.

Genetic defects in insulin action, resulting in the body’s inability to control blood glucose levels also cause other types of diabetes as seen in leprechaunism and the Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome,  medications that reduce insulin action, such as Glucocorticoids, or chemicals that destroy beta cells, infections, such as congenital rubella and cytomegalo, virusgenetic syndromes associated with diabetes, such as Down syndrome and Prader-Willi syndrome, rare immune-mediated disorders, such as stiff-man syndrome, an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system.

Pre-Diabetes

Pre-diabetes is a condition that occurs when a person's blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough for a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Most people with pre-diabetes don't have symptoms, but there is a range of risk factors, including obesity, smoking, heart disease, polycystic ovary syndrome and high blood pressure. Pre-diabetes is diagnosed using tests for blood glucose levels. If left untreated, this condition eventually turns into type 2 diabetes.